Technology Is An Essential Part Of Today s Generation

Technology is all around us, we can t escape it and it is necessary in everyday life., almost everyone has a smartphone or an some electronic device. Technology is also necessary in school and work, students use the technology to do research, email their teacher, or submit work online. In offices or other workplaces the main source of everything is a computer, it is now important to have computer skills no matter where one works. In recent years technology has made our lives much easier and much more efficient, everything is available at the touch of our fingers. Students no longer have to look in a library for countless hours for research on a paper or homework, now one can simply turn on an electric device and look on the internet for research. There are many resources like dictionaries, thesaurus, and even educational games and videos that can help students. Technology is an essential part of today’s generation, many jobs rely on technology and kids growing up will be more prepared with knowledge. Even though technology isn’t just used for educational purposes but for social purposes as well, now anyone can keep up with old friends. Thanks to the many social media, everyone can keep in touch with any old friend or family member. Communication is another benefit of the advances of technology. Instead of waiting days for a letter to arrive, now we can pick up a phone and call or text anyone in the world and wait minutes instead of days. Many companies areShow MoreRelatedImpact Of The Automobile On The 20th Century1069 Words   |  5 PagesDoing this was the norm. People couldn’t afford to walk or ride into the big city every day looking for work. In those times, people stayed and working in the same place. That is why the new technology of the automobile greatly helped people travel longer distanced in better time, which allowed them to live in the more affordable suburbs and travel into the cities for work. As a result, â€Å"the suburban trend [was] emphasized by the fact that highway transportation encourages business and industry toRead MoreThe Pbs Frontline Interview, Digital Demands, By Sherry Turkle1275 Words   |  6 Pages for its overages are far costlier than estimated. Turkle s thesis: a lack of precise deliberation in the use of technology results in delayed and malformed cognitive functions; to recapture the lost arts of stillness and critical sel f-examination, adolescents must first reexamine the wanton approach with which they today appropriate technology. Turkle readily admits that adolescence is one of the more challenging periods of a person s life, but offers that these difficulties are in fact the genesisRead MoreDifferent Attitudes And Views Among Generations1422 Words   |  6 Pagesattitudes and views among generations, each author discusses a similar idea of why each writer is different. Disregarding the audience each author focuses on, the main purpose is to argue whether writing has changed or remained similar through generation. One author believes that technology influenced writing as opposed to two authors who believe it is within the writer itself (authors interest). There is one author who believes that writing has not refined through generations. Despite the differentRead MoreThe Changes Within The Student Population At The Moment And The Role Is Played By Technology1619 Words   |  7 Pageswe discuss the various changes that are happening around us because of the technologies that are to be made in order to discuss the changes within the student population at the moment and the role which is played by technology. Then it is shown how the changes are being made in society can affect the requirements for graduates who are about to be employed. These requirements are brought into light by the fact that technology integration will play a larger role in changing our teaching environmentsRead MorePositive And Negative Aspects Of Advertising1695 Words   |  7 Pages Advertising may be considered among the most quietly controversial subjects in our society, and is yet, ever so essential. There are both positive and negative aspects, and although that could be true for anything, advertising is unique in the sense that it requires a constant give and take from consumers. Furthermore, I have investigated certain technological benefits associated with advertising that improve effectiveness, and how advertising benefits consumers. On the contrary, I have evaluatedRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed Our Life1511 Words   |  7 PagesThe recent changes in technology has been vast comparatively to any other decade. We have come a long way from riding around on horses to modern self-driving cars (Google,2015). From cordless to smart phones. The technology has completely changed the lifestyle of a day-to-day routine. At the moment we are able to do almost everything on a 5† inch touchscreen that would require basically a whole desktop PC just a decade ago or so. Considering that we have come to the tech era, how difficult is itRead MoreTechnology And Its Effect On Society1258 Words   |  6 PagesTechnology plays an essential part in our lives today and few can imagine living without it in this current generation. None can deny that the existence of these technology has dramatically changed society. Endless number of people across the world use and benefit from modern technology and the tremendous opportunities it provides plays a significant role in almost all fields of human life such as communication, transportation and healthcare. A quote living without technology is like living withoutRead MoreFashion Is A Big Part Of Society And It Is Indispensable For Us1208 Words   |  5 PagesI. Introduction Fashion is a big part of society and it is indispensable for us. Without fashion our life have no tastes because fashion has a lot of possibilities of changing our life. According to The Telegraph, A spokesman for clothes giant Matalan which polled 2,491 women and was based on 16 to 60 age. They found that women spend an average 16 minutes deciding what to wear on every morning and 14 minutes on weekend in front of their closet. You just did not notice that our life is influencedRead MoreHuman Computer Interfaces : Computer Interface1634 Words   |  7 Pages Human-Computer Interfaces Technology Various technologies have been developed to allow for human-computer interaction in gaming. The main ways of human-computer interaction in gaming are through a mouse and keyboard, a controller and through a touchscreen. Controllers have evolved greatly since their inception, at the same rate video games have advanced. Controllers started with pong paddles. They came in many variations but the main concept was some form of slider, whether it moved verticallyRead MoreThe Communication Path As A Culture And Society1219 Words   |  5 Pageswhether it be done through texting, online, telephone or face to face. Technology has become such an influential aspect of our lives that many people depend on it. Although technology has helped improve communication, it has lowered our understanding of how words and pictures actually make a person feel. People around the world interact less directly because of social networking sites. I mainly use texting and online communication as part of an every day interaction. Texting can be a way to express

HDTV The Emergence of a New Generation in Televis Essay Example For Students

HDTV: The Emergence of a New Generation in Televis Essay ion1-23-98AbstractHigh definition television is proving itself to be a leader as a new innovation of television. The impact HDTV will have on consumers, the laws surrounding this new medium, and its attributes and in differences to analog television will be looked at first in this paper. Also, my research question, How will HDTV influence consumerism in the 21st century, will be defined and explained. Second, a look at the methods involved in writing this research report. Which primary methods were attempted and why they didnt work? Finally, the future is taken into consideration, using suggestions for how this operating system will run more smoothly. How long will it take for consumers to catch on to the digital trend? Who are the major players involved, and what are their goals concerning the switch over to digital television and why? The conclusion is that digital television will be up and running this year, until every television station in the United States switches over to the digital signal, analog signals and television sets will still be in use, it will be hard for consumers to bow down and purchase 600 million new high definition television sets. HDTV: The Emergence of a New Generation in TelevisionHDTV, is known in the television industry as high definition television. HDTV is paving the way as a new medium waiting to emerge as the greatest thing to hit television since color. However its not the 1950s and HDTV is already up and running in other markets. Japans NHK broadcasting group used 1125/60 equipment and European ZDF broadcasters used 1250/50 equipment to cover the 1996 Atlanta games using the HDTV signal (Hitchen, 1997). Although no one could receive the signal except experimental digital televisions, a converter was used to broadcast the higher standards of digital television to a European 625/50 PAL format with an aspect ratio of 16:9 (Hitchen, 1997). In the U.S. the NTSC 525/60 standards are just a tad obfuscate than that of the European 625/50 PAL format due to Europes extra one hundred scan lines (Brown, 1992). NTSC, PAL and Secam are the standard analog technical systems now in use throughout the world, all prov ide a highly successful color television service to home viewers within the VHF and UHF bandwidth using a process known as interlacing (Benson, and Fink, 1991). The digital wide screen format creates luminance detail or pixels, by employing a video bandwidth five times as large as the conventional analog methods listed above (Benson,1991). The HDTV Set and its AttributesTo broadcast digitally in North America would require the emergence of the high definition television set. Right now the only high definition television sets being produced are 60 plus inch models (Rubin, 1998). Rubin goes on to state that some prototypes were displayed at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas two weeks ago, prices were in the ten thousand dollar range. These new high definition television sets will deliver the clearest possible picture and CD quality sound (Rubin, 1998). In the Rubin article (1998) Jim Topping, general manager at KGO had an appropriate quote related to the visual experience of an HDTV set, his comment was this, There is no doubt in my mind that if we work to the limits of the new technology, it will provide television at its best, which is experiential. He went on to say, Watching a movie on a high definition television set will be very close to the movie experience in a movie theater.(p.D5) Although I for one am not about to stop going to the movies as soon as an HDTV set is in my livingroom.The key to the improvement of HDTV is the broadcast image that is produced to create the picture (Brown, 1992). HDTV will offer 1080 scan lines, more than twice the amount of the current NTSC system we have now in North America (Brown, 1992). This results in a larger aspect ratio, or ratio of width to height, 16:9 compared to the NTSCs aspect ratio of 4:3, nearly 4 times larger than the current analog system (Rubin, 1998). Rubin also suggests that the digital resolution will be extremely vivid and the number of pixels will increase from 300 thousand to 2 million comp aratively. With these dramatic changes about to occur in television, how will consumers react? What will be the their changing needs?Consumer ImpactThe electronics industry wants HDTV to have a solid impact on the consumer market, they dont want HDTV to turn out like the Betamax incident (Rubin, 1998). Consumers first need to be convinced that this product will out preform the existing product. This might be hard to do because there are many people that believe that their televisions reception, resolution, sound, size and functions are just fine and feel no need for a new television set. The FCC is on the consumers side. In 1991 the FCC ruled that any HDTV standard ultimately transmitted by broadcasters would have to be compatible to the existing home receiving equipment so that consumers that purchased television sets wouldnt lose their investments because the technology had changed (Brown, 1992).The consumers will not need to look very far for convincing though, KGO may bring an H DTV demonstration as early as march to a local San Francisco BART station (Rubin, 1998). This leads to my research question. How will HDTV influence consumerism in the 21st century? Its defined in terms of the publics changing needs in a trend setting environment. The Rubin article led to this quote in relation to my research question: Seeing is believing, said Larry Thorpe, vice president of acquisitions systems who arranged a digital demonstration at the Sony Electronics Inc. in San Jose on January 5th 1998 had this to say as well, The whole idea is to immerse the viewer in what is happening on the screen. (p.D5) For consumers to purchase the HDTV sets, consumers will want to see the difference and be shown the difference between NTSC resolution and digital resolution (Consumer reports,1996). So what, there are currently 600 million television sets in North America, in order for people to get the digital signal they must purchase a high definition television set (Love,1997). But b ecause of FCC regulations consumers arent obligated to purchase an HDTV set. MethodsI was able to find a great deal of information from my secondary sources most of which I found at the J. Paul Leonard library at SFSU. I found an essay on line entitled, The Future of Television. The perspective came from a person who lived in the United Kingdom and had an interesting point of view on Terrestrial television. I was unsuccessful in gathering a primary data method. The Primary methods I chose were a survey (Appendix 1) and an interview. Unfortunately I was unable to get in touch with Sylvia Rubin, a San Francisco Chronicle staff reporter who wrote an Article based on HDTV. Time constraints caused this problem, Im sure if I had a whole semester to do this research I would have at least made contact and tried to conduct the interview. I would consider her an expert on HDTV that is why I wanted to conduct an interview with her. The survey started as a feasible primary data gathering method . The survey is one of the best ways to gain consumer interest information.Again the problem was time constricting. In order to get a reliable amount of information I would need to survey at least one hundred people and my standards for the survey were high, I needed a certain age group as well as a certain financial group in order to make the surveys data logical. ResultsIn April of 1997 the Federal Communications Commission granted digital airwave licenses to 1,600 television stations in North America (Rubin, 1998). Rubin then elaborates on this topic saying that: The deadline of late 1998 will be set to begin transmission at 26 stations in the top ten markets, which include the Bay Area (the fifth largest market). By November 1999, network affiliates in the next twenty largest markets will kick in, and by the spring of 2002, remaining commercial stations will switch over. Stations will transmit both signals until 2006, but in reality it will probably take several more years to co mplete the transition. (P.D5)KGOs general manager Jim Topping believes KGO will be the first, spending over 20 million dollars to complete the changeover to digital (Rubin, 1998). Transmitters are being built and put up at Sutro towers, but KGO is not the only local station putting up transmitters, KPIX, KRON, and KTVU also have started the long and extremely expensive transition (Rubin, 1998). As for consumers, will HDTV cause a trend in the electronics industry? That question is mere speculation at this point. Consumer HDTV models arent due to hit the electronic appliance stores until Fall 1998 (Consumer reports, 1996). The Bay Area is the market where digital television will happen first and its an opportunity to create a buying frenzy, just what the consumer electronics industry is drooling over (Rubin, 1998). According to the Rubin article, if by June 1st you have a high definition television set, you will be able to receive the digital signal from KGO television. Digital telev ision will be in effect before the end of this year. Until every television station has switched to the digital signal, analog signals and television sets will still be in use. Its going to take a lot of time and advertising to convince consumers to purchase 600 million high definition television sets. ConclusionsOne strength of this study, a great deal of new information was at my fingertips either from an online source, or the chronicle which I receive at my home. I didnt have to dig to deep to find new information. One weakness of this study, extremely pressed for time my efforts were stressed. Although I feel I covered the subject fairly well and accurate. For the future, I hope my research will have some impact on the link between technology and consumerism. Maybe future researchers will be able to look back and correct some aspects from my research. Maybe Ill decide to go back and continue this research at a later date. .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710 , .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710 .postImageUrl , .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710 , .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710:hover , .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710:visited , .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710:active { border:0!important; } .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710:active , .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710 .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4551652e16e12fe4d8acf2f95494c710:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Communication Systems EssayReferencesBenson, K. B., Fink, D. G. (1991). HDTV: Advanced television for the 1990s. New York: McGraw Hill. Brown, L. (1992). Les Browns encyclopedia of television. (Vol.1, p259). Detroit: Gale Publishing Co. Hitchen, E. (1997). Wide-screen television at the Sydney Olympics. SMPTE Journal, 7, 486-488. Love, K. (1997). The Future of Television. www.student.brad.ac.uk/ktlove/academic/misc/futuretv.html. Rubin, S. (1998, January 6). In your face TV, new digital signal promises crystal clear picture and monster television sets. Datebook. The San Francisco Chronicle, D1, D5. TVs changing picture. (1996, December). Consumer Reports, 12, 10-16. Appendix(Appendix 1)- A 20 question survey that was never conducted due to time constraints.

I am, who i am and proud free essay sample

You know how they say â€Å"when you’re a teenager, you really find out who you are†. I believe that statement 100 percent. While most of my peers are still trying to find out who they are, I know who I am. I am Andrew Colby Delatos, a stylish, fun, honorable friend and comedian. Someone who lives a drama filled, depressed at times, hypocritical life, on the edge with the word risky never being a roadblock for me. An animal lover, different in every way, while spending most of my day in my head thinking. I know what I want and I always go after it with no delay. I have a love for my family that will burn forever. I am a big dreamer, who appreciates the small parts of a bigger picture, but the one thing that I am most proud of in every way, that makes me happy and full of pride, is that I am GAY. We will write a custom essay sample on I am, who i am and proud or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Many people do not know what it is like to live the life of a gay. The constant judgment, the struggle with coming to terms with oneself, the social out casting. I would have to say that I have been pretty lucky, having not to deal with most of the imperfections with being gay brings. I have a lot of great friends, widely popular, and a very supported and open minded family. I feel if you always have these things, you will never need anything. Ever since I was a small boy, I knew I was different I knew I like sports, power rangers and playing with my friends. So these weird feelings and thoughts, I left at the back of my head, not understanding what it meant. It wasn’t until middle school, when I found out what these feelings were called being gay. So throughout those awkward three years, I hid this fact from myself, shooting it down if it ever tried to reach the surface. I kept telling myself â€Å"Andrew this is wrong† but really I was just looking at it from societies stand point but in reality it was perfectly normal and accepted. Something I would not learn until high school. The start of high school, I knew in my hearts of hearts things were going to be different for me personally because I started to notice things in a different light. First off there were other gays in the school, which made me feel like wow this is perfectly normal to be who you are, and be proud of it. It seemed that everyone was perfectly fine with gays(well most of them), they were totally accepted which made me feel comfortable. They still poked fun at them but they did it to be rude. The best thing about being openly gay was that people started to see me for me. It was like I could stop being this fake person and be the real me. It was so much better than being accepted. I feel the problem with today’s society is that they are so wrapped up in judging people by the outside. When really they don’t look deeper to find the real person. I am a human being and nothing else, I may be a little crazy, but all those qualities on page one are who I am. Being gay is one of my favorite qualities that makes me, me. This will be a difficult life but it is my life.

Jilting Essays - The Jilting Of Granny Weatherall, Granny

Jilting Of Granny Weatherall By Porter In Katherine Ann Porter's "The Jilting of Granny Weatherall," there are two prevalant themes. The first is self-pity. The second theme is the acceptance of her immenent demise. Both deal with the way people perceive their deaths and mortality in general. Granny Weatherall's behavior is Porter's tool for making these themes visible to the reader. The theme of self-pity is obvious and throughly explored early on. As a young lady, Granny Weatherall left at the alter on her wedding day . As a result, the pathetic woman feels sorry for herself for the rest of her life. She becomes a bitter old woman who is suspicious of everyone around her. This point is shown early in the story when the doctor is speaking to Cornelia in the hallway outside of Granny's room. Granny exclaims "First off, go away and don't whisper!" (p.1487) Granny was apparently under the impression that the two of them were speaking ill of her behind her back. Thoughts like these resulted from the trauma she suffered when the man she loved failed to show up on their wedding day. Granny Weatherall's self-pity gives the reader a negative initial impression of a woman the author eventually expects us to miss. The ailing octogenarian is so incredibly annoying at the beginning of the story that one almost welcomes the idea of her passing. The second theme is the acceptance of immenint death. At first, Granny Weatherall could not accept the fact that her days were numbered. She shows this when the doctor is summoned and she says "I won't see that boy again. He just left five minutes ago." (p.1490) Later on, she continues her denial when Cornelia calls on a priest to offer Granny her last rights. When the priest arrives, she would not speak to him. She said, "I went to Holy Communion only last week. Tell him I'm not so sinful as all that." (1491) As Granny's life was winding down with only minutes remaining, she finally began to show signs that she accepted what was happening to her. She bagan remembering those who were important to her and dividing her possesions among family members. Porter shows a loving side to Granny Weatherall that endears her to the audience before she is wisked away from the land of the living. It is reminiscint of The Flannery O'Connor story "A Good Man is Hard to Find." The Misfit has just executed a fast-talking grandmother. One of his evil cohorts offers that she was "a real talker." The Misfit interjects that "She would have been a good woman if it had been somebody to shoot her every minute of her life." So it is with Granny Weatherall, at her best while near the bitter end. The Jilting of Granny Weatherall gives us a brief overview of mortality. Porter gives us slightly deeper insight into self pity and the acceptance of death. Granny Weatherall's actions and thoughts give the reader an idea of how it feels as life draws to a close. Porter suggests that by succeeding in dying well, one can leave behind an image of themsleves that is more flattering than the legacy of their squandered lives. Bibliography Heath Anthology of American Lit., Third Edition, Vol II , Paul Lauter Ed.,

Do you think justice has been done in the trials against Enron’s less important executives Essays

Do you think justice has been done in the trials against Enron’s less important executives Essays Do you think justice has been done in the trials against Enron’s less important executives Essay Do you think justice has been done in the trials against Enron’s less important executives Essay Enron was once a multi-million dollar company which was trusted by many clients because of its wealth and power (CNN Money, 2007). It faced a very serious scandal a couple of years ago that led to its downfall. Many people from the top and middle management got accused of the crime and got tried in court which was known internationally.Many executives from the company who took part in the investigation pointed out names and released their anger while on the bench. Many names were blurted out several times like Lay and Skilling, who were the founders of Enron. Some names like Fastow and Causey were also involved and they are now facing a future spent in prison and a big amount of money to pay back. Other executives who stood up to be witnesses against the key players of the fraud were accused too after pleading guilty of the crimes they committed (MSNBC, 2007).I think what happened to Enron’s â€Å"little executives† like Kenneth Rice was not fair. As for the case of Mr. Rice, he pleaded guilty of the crime and agreed to play as a star witness against the big people behind the crime. He was so brave when he tried to plead guilty of his actions, he was cooperative when the police started their investigation, and he remained that way until the bad guys were properly punished. (MSNBC, 2007)Other executives also helped to shed light in the investigation. Even though they did the right thing of pleading guilty and helping out in the trials, their sentences, although lighter, are still long. They have to suffer long years of life behind bars. Their lives will be a complete torture because they have to live away from their families. Also, they still have to give up money that was allegedly stolen amounting to millions of dollars. Some accused are facing 5-10 years in prison, plus payment of money. Maybe it will be more acceptable, not only for me, but also to the public, that they have a shorter sentence. The fact that they tried to help and they faced th e public with courage are at least good excuses for them to be given a chance of a better life (MSNBC, 2007). After all, they were just puppets being controlled by the puppeteers.The problem in the company was a conspiracy which was done by smart people who tried to conceal their illegal activities and played their dummies to do the job for them. The major responsibilities are always on the shoulders of the top executives, mainly the CEOs. Daniel Fisher (2007) stated that:The government scored a huge win with the convictions of the two former Enron chiefs, who became symbols of the war on corporate fraud. Some experts think it will embolden prosecutors to pin even more responsibility on executives for business failures (Fisher, 2007).If the company fails, or if something bad happens to it, the chief executives are mainly to blame. This is because they are the boss of the company. They should have enough knowledge and skills to run a company, and the conscience to keep its good reput ation.

Individual report 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Individual report 1 - Essay Example I also looked at the systems for supporting decision making, and in particular, I looked the DSS system and how it is used in the company. This information was retrieved from prior reviewed books and from the internet. The main challenge faced throughout the research period is getting time to go through the books in order to get the information. With the tight schedule at the University, it was somewhat challenging to go through all the available books that are related to this study. This would have further improved on the report. Another challenge that I faced when writing the report is; not knowing where to begin from. This is because, there is a lot of information on the topic and picking out the most crucial and relevant information was giving me some challenges. It was crucial that I do not lose focus in the specific area of attention in order to make sure that the whole report has a clear flow of ideas so that the readers do not get confused. In future I plan to reduce and even overcome these challenges by taking a number of steps. To begin with, proper planning will be crucial in the success of any future project. This is by allocating a time in a day to complete a section at a time. This will help me be able to balance all my class assignments. The second step of overcoming the challenges is to read and understand the requirements of an assignment. This will make sure that when I gather information, I do so with an aim of getting certain information. This will save on time and will reduce the risk of getting confused. This is because, instead of gathering a pool of general information about a topic, I will be able to only gather information that is relevant to the question asked under a topic. Finally, time management will be crucial; this is by starting on an assignment immediately other than assuming that there is plenty of time to do it. This will help me deal with any unexpected issue that may arise while working o n a paper. This

What is worth sacrificing for Speech or Presentation

What is worth sacrificing for - Speech or Presentation Example (Mahatma Gandhi Quotes) It is a matter of great commonality to think about what a person should sacrifice and whether or not the same is ever worth it. The question arises when a person must give something or someone up for the greater happiness of someone else even though it might cost a great deal including the happiness of the man willing to give something up for another. Thus, what is worth sacrificing for; is it happiness, morals and ethics, or just about anything else, materialistically speaking, that would make someone else happier than the person giving it up was when he owned it? According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, the word sacrifice has been defined as ‘something given up or lost’ or ‘destruction or surrender of something for the sake of something else’. (Sacrifice-Definition) ... in common - the people that formed a part of the minority were forced to sacrifice their freedom and lives for the people who they were forced to be under. However, was the same worth sacrificing for? According to historians and philosophers, it was not, because the sacrifice did not involve a happy ending. The Indians were unhappy because they were being denied the rights to use their own resources and bring about development within their own country; the Vietnamese people were being forced to give up their personal and national identity and adopt the lifestyle of the French despite the kind of difficulty it was proving to be; the Jews did not even have a choice because it was their lives that they were forced to sacrifice during the Holocaust; and the people of Zimbabwe have faced a vast amount of political as well as ethnic challenges. (Magasia, T. Alex) All of these aspects that have been sacrificed during the past by different groups of people go against the quote that Gandhi sa id. According to him, a sacrifice is not worth it if during the course of it, the person giving something of his own up is not happy about it. Thus, this helps to answer the question pertaining to the topic, what exactly is worth sacrificing for. It is now clear, that one should only give something up if he is happy to give it up; if not, then it tends not to be a sacrifice, it ends up being something that has been snatched away for selfish reasons. Keeping this in mind, it is important to note, that in the examples provided earlier, the Indians, Jews, the Vietnamese and the Zimbabweans were ‘forced’ to sacrifice their freedom, lives and daily living. Their happiness was taken away on purpose even though they were not happy about it. But it is a sacrifice, because they wanted to

Four wheel steering Vs Front wheel Steering Assignment

Four wheel steering Vs Front wheel Steering - Assignment Example The vehicle is symmetrical about the x-z axis; 2. The vehicle’s total mass  is lumped; 3. The vehicle’s roll axis is fixed and ; 4. The road’s surface conditions are consistent throughout the modelling; 5. Small angle approximations apply to the vehicle’s motion. The dynamics of the 4WS vehicle system can be divided broadly into three categories which are: 1. Tyre side forces; 2. Yaw moments; 3. Roll moments. These aspects of the steering system will be investigated separately based on three kinds of steering systems which are the 2WS (two wheel steering) with front wheel steering, 4WS under 40 km/h where the wheels are steered in opposite phases and 4WS over 40 km/h where the wheels are steered in the same phase. The three modes of steering and the relevant dynamics and motion investigation are discussed below. 2. Vehicle Dynamics Where: The variables ,  and  all represent various kinds of disturbances that may affect the lateral, yaw and roll d irections such as drag effects, side wind gusts, braking on ice, modelling uncertainties, loads, a flat tyre, an uneven road etc. These external disturbances may exert a sizeable influence in certain circumstances but for the sake of this investigation these disturbances will be neglected. The longitudinal forces  are related to the wheels’ rotational model and these forces can be described by denoting them as: Where  is the effective rotational inertia that includes all related drive train effects. The lateral forces  are non-linear functions that can be described using the magic formula as below: Where   are six different coefficients that depend on the vehicle load  and the camber angles  and . In order to study the dynamic behaviour of the vehicle model being investigated under the assumptions that the side slip angle is small under regular driving conditions, the equation listed above can be linearized and written as: The tyre slip angles presented in the notation above can be written as: If the roll angle is assumed to be small then  and . In this case the equations listed above can be linearized as below: Similarly: And: If the vehicle is considered to be travelling under constant velocity conditions in a steady state fashion then  = 0 and the longitudinal force  displayed by the wheels can be approximated as: The dynamics of the involved actuator can also be represented as a linear first order lag system that can be described as: Where: And: Using the equations listed above a descriptor system can be obtained that possesses the form listed below: Where: The matrix inverse operation can then easily be used in tandem with the matrices presented above to produce a linear time invariant system that is described as below: The system above can now be easily modelled as a state space system in MATLAB in order to see how the system behaves when subjected to different steering angles and speeds. The parameters of interest are the lateral velocity, the yaw rate and the roll angle. 3. MATLAB Simulation The space state system was simulated as such in MATLAB for a host of combinations. The input steering angles were investigated for two wheel steering (2WS) and four wheel steering (4WS) systems for the yaw rate, the lateral velocity and the roll angle for limits of vehicle speed above and below 40 kilometres per hour. The 2WS system was investigated as such both above and below 4

Contemporary Marketing Assignment On Ferrari

Contemporary Marketing Assignment On Ferrari Ferrari S.p.A. is an Italian sports car manufacturer based in Maranello, Italy. Founded by Enzo Ferrari in 1929, as Scuderia Ferrari, the company sponsored drivers and manufactured race cars before moving into production of street-legal vehicles as Ferrari S.p.A. in 1947. Throughout its history, the company has been noted for its continued participation in racing, especially in Formula One, where it has had great success. Ferrari has produced a number of concept cars, such as the Ferrari Mythos. While some of these were quite radical (such as the Ferrari Modulo) and never intended for production, others such as the Ferrari Mythos have shown styling elements which were later incorporated into production models. The most recent concept car to be produced by Ferrari themselves was the 2010 Ferrari Millechili. A number of one-off special versions of Ferrari road cars have also been produced, some of which have been commissioned by wealthy owners. One of the examples is the Ferrari P4/5. The Special Projects program is collaboration by Ferrari with Italian automobile coachbuilders such as Fioravanti, Pininfarina, and Zagato to build custom cars using selected Ferrari models as a structural base. The first car under this program is the SP1, commissioned by a Japanese business executive. The second is the P540 Superfast Aperta, commissioned by an American enthusiast. Ferrari has considered making hybrids. A F430 Spider that runs on ethanol was displayed at the 2008 Detroit Auto Show. Ferrari has announced that a hybrid will be in production by 2015. At the 2010 Geneva Motor Show, Ferrari unveiled a hybrid version of their flagship 599. Called the HY-KERS Concept, Ferraris hybrid system adds more than 100 horsepower on top of the 599 Fioranos 612 HP. Ferrari is a myth and a legend in the automotive industry. The Ferrari tale is one of an astounding and unique worldwide success. An unparalleled one. Ferrari success cannot be measured in terms of revenues and sales, or in terms of market capitalization. Ferrari never made an IPO and is not even quoted in any stock exchange market. Ferrari success has to be measured only in terms of Brand Value and Product Value. Probably the Ferrari brand is worth more than the Google brand, the Apple brand, Nike, GE, IBM, BMW, Mercedes, Exxon, Shell, or any other brand. No other brand has the allure of the Ferrari Brand. Ferrari is known and is highly valued everywhere in the world. Yet, Ferrari never spent a penny in advertisement. HISTORY: Enzo Ferrari was born in Modena Italy on February 18 1898. He came from a well to do family that owned a metal foundry making railroad parts, they were the first in his town to own a car. When WWI came Enzos father and brother (Dino) were drafted into the Italian army, whom both died from influenza in 1916. Enzo was forced to leave school to run the foundry, when the business collapsed he started work as a metalworker at the Modena Fire Brigade workshop in order to support his widowed mother. Enzo himself was later drafted into the Italian army where he worked shoeing mules for the mountain artillery, after a few months he becomming seriously ill and was released from the military. Not interested in going back to shcool and against his mothers will, he found work as a test driver in Turin in late 1918. Enzo then moved to Milan to work at CMN (Costruzioni Maccaniche Nazionali) as a racing car driver. His first real race came in the 1919, the Parma-Berceto, he then entered the Targa Fl orio that same year. Enzo then founded Scuderia Ferrari, (literally means Ferrari Stable) who were mainly sponsers and trainers for Alfa Romeo. He was officially hired by Alfa Romeo as head of their racing department in 1938, then in 1940, upon learning of the companys plan to take control of his beloved Scuderia, he quit Alfa. Since he was prohibited by contract from racing for several years, the Scuderia briefly became Auto Avio Costruzioni Ferrari, which ostensibly produced machine tools and aircraft accessories for Piaggio and RIV as Italy was gearing up for WWII. Ferrari did in fact produce one race car, the Tipo 815, in the non-competition period; it was thus the first actual Ferrari car, but due to the war it saw little competition. In 1943 the Ferrari factory moved to Maranello, where it has remained ever since. The factory was bombed in 1944 due to making machines for ball bearing production, it was rebuilt in 1946 to include a works for road car production. The first Ferrari road car was the 1947 125 S, powered by a 1.5-litre V12 engine; Enzo reluctantly built and sold his automobiles to fund the Scuderia. Since then, company cars, driven by the best drivers, have racked up over 5,000 successes on race tracks and roads all over the world, creating a legend. The most important achievements have been 9 Formula 1 Drivers World titles, 14 Manufacturers World titles, 8 Formula 1 Constructors World Championships, 9 wins at the Le Mans 24 Hours race, 8 at the Mille Miglia, 7 at the Targa Florio, and, up to the end of 1997, 113 wins in Formula 1 Grands Prix. While  Enzos beautiful and blazingly fast cars quickly gained a reputation for excellence, Enzo maintained a famous distaste for his customers, most of whom he felt were buying his cars for the prestige and not for racing. Ferrari has long been one of the ultimate toys for the rich and young (or young-at-heart). Ferrari cars feature highly-tuned small V8 and V12 engines, often in a mid-engined configuration. But until the introduction of fuel injection in the 1980s, they were quite temperamental and were dificult to maintain. Before the mid 1980s they carried a reputation for unreliability and bad engineering, though these were written off by enthusiasts as character. Ferrari owners have famously and religiously defended the merits of their cars while virulently criticizing other brands. PESTEL ANALYSIS: ACADAMIC REVIEW Through the appliance of PEST analysis a manager can examine their disclosure towards the set of possible surrounding problem (McGee et al.2005,p.13). Thomas, H (2007) (jain, 1981) defined PEST an early warning system for the environmental force which may impact a companys products and markets in the future. Moutinho, L and Evans,M (1992, pp.247) POLITICAL: ECONOMICAL: SOCIAL: TECHNOLOGICAL: ENVIOURAMNETAL: LEGAL: SWOT ANALYSIS: ACADAMIC REVIEW Barney gave SWOT a new meaning as a basic step for a firm to connect its resources to achieve advantages competitively. Barney (1991) Conventionally SWOT has been seen as a structure formed by properly combining various factors that are well thought-out significant in order to assess a firms planned position at a reasonable souk. Porter (1981). Synthesizing process creates value not only in aligning components, but also in creatively re-arranging them. Liedtke (2000, p. 22) STREANGHT OF FERRARI Extremely strong brand image Innovation technology Well motivated work-force Attitude towards new challenges WEEKNESS OF FERRARI Ferraris business model fuel efficiency emissions Due to huge waiting list Ferrari looses many customers. OPPERTUNITES FOR FERRARI Growth in the global market Expansion of the brand in new Market Enlargement of customer base Development of technology concept car THREATS FOR FERRARI Automotive policies from varies countries Tough competition Slow rate of expanding STREANGHT OF FERRARI: Extremely strong brand image. Products that are a fine combination of beauty aesthetics combined with unforgettable performance. The brand has connected to itself an aura of mystique. It is looked upon as a status symbol for general people. Ferrari takes on new challenges on a constant basis with a head on attitude. Innovation technology are key drivers behind every product. A very inspired, well taken care of satisfied work-force who are proud to be attached with the brand. This was further expressed publicly when Ferrari was voted the Best Place to Work in Europe 2007à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ³. WEEKNESS OF FERRARI: Ferraris business model, based around low volumes, removes the possibility of employing certain technological solutions. That same business model also limits their sales volumes even though a lot more demand is present in the market. Due to their waiting list model, they lose out on customers to the competition. A big challenge lying in wait is fuel efficiency emissions which are growing in importance every day, thanks to spreading concerns over the environment. OPPERTUNITES FOR FERRARI: Growth in the global market for high-performance super-cars due to growing economies developing nations. Expansion of the brand through entering into new important automotive markets like India wherein competitors like Porsche have already set up base. Enlargement of customer base (increase appeal of their products to a more variety of buyers) through adding comfort, roominess, luggage space, engines that are more user friendly, and so on, while at the same time maintaining traditional Ferrari characteristics-performance, style, exclusivity. Ferrari has been exploiting this aspect for a while it has been a key contributor to their success in the past 15 years. Development of technology (for example interfacing electronics with mechanical systems) has opened up new avenues to explore for their products. Packaging i.e. the concept of the car is another area which still has years to explore. THREATS FOR FERRARI: Automotive policies being pushed by countries continents all over the world which are being strictly enforced like the emission norms of 130g/km of CO2 are very difficult to keep up with due to the performance oriented nature of the engines built by Ferrari. Tough competition from other iconic super car brands like Lamborghini Porsche A competing brand like Porsche does not follow the same low volumes, high on exclusivity model which is followed by Ferrari hence sells a lot more of its products captures a large chunk of the market share. Once again, competitors like Lamborghini Porsche are expanding their product range to high performance SUVs wherein Porsche has already been very successful with its Cayenne model, all over the world in particular, in India, which has lead to its success in the Indian market. Ferrari has not announced any plans for such a product (high-performance SUV) as of yet i.e.-2009. MARKETING MIX: Product High Performance super cars. Though the company is also heavily into 3rd party merchandising. Pricing Priced at a premium, they start at prices upwardly of 175,000 $US. Vintage Ferrari cars are also a great investment as Vintage Ferraris appreciate in value are known to cost millions of US Dollars Promotions The strongest promotion for Ferrari is in its merchandising. It already enjoys immense awareness throughout the world; even in places it doesnt do any promotion. To the extent that in India, wherein the brand is not even present as of yet, it is very well known. Furthermore, the merchandising is done on a royalty license basis to other brands (E.g. Puma selling Ferrari-Puma branded shoes). Place It has its exclusive Ferrari dealerships spread over 52 countries as of yet with plans to expand its dealerships to other countries markets. People A very inspired, well taken care of satisfied work-force who are proud to be attached with the brand is what Ferrari offers its people. With factories, production units workplaces built around the safety health of its workers, Ferrari was voted the Best Place to Work in Europe 2007à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ³. Process They are reliant heavily into RD, innovation staying at the cutting edge of technology. Therefore, their process is in a constant state of flux which is forever changing adapting with what the environment around them demands. Physical Evidence Dealerships across the globe showcasing their cars along with merchandise offering the customer a lounge sort of experience rather than that of a showroom. This is done keeping in mind the lifestyle of their potential custom As from the above table BCG MATRIX: ACADAMIC REVIEW The BCG growth-share mould was extremely significant. It made noticeable the concern of allotment across companies, that some businesses should fabricate ready money that supports others. Aaker, A.D. (1988,pp.133) The fundamental compositions of the BCG mould have stayed admired and are still integrated in almost every MBA syllabus. Calandro Jr, j and lane, S (2007) Star Ferrari 275 Ferrari 360 Ferrari 420 Ferrari F512 Ferrari F60 Ferrari F70 ? Ferrari Spider 458 Ferrari hybrid F151 Ferrari F70 Cash Cow Enzo Ferrari Ferrari Mondial Ferrari Testarossa Ferrari California Dog None According to the BCG matrix, Cars like Enzo Ferrari, Mondial, Testarossa, California are the most cash generating cars of the company. This cars generates the maximum amount of the revenue for the company. Other than these Cars like Ferrari 275, 360, 420, 512, F60 and F70 are the most selling cars as it is liked by consumers. Cars like Spider, Hybrid S70 are some new project of the company which are under development. PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE: As from the above figure tells us, the Enzo Ferrari car is in its Maturity period. This car has been a big success for the company since the day of its launch. Though Enzo Ferrari is an old car but cause of its revived versions taken out by the company, the car never loses its grip in the Market. PORTERS FIVE: ACADAMIC REVIEW Porters work in 1980, Competitive Strategy (book), and his set-up of the porters five force presented a structure to study the peripheral surrounding orderly as a technique of budding and ready for action tactics Michael E. Porter (1998[1980]). Calandro Jr, J and Lane, S (2007) Michael E. Porters five force model has been developed by Succeeding practitioners. Though testing such kind of examination may be extremely difficult as it do not sums up simply Robert Simpson and Antonio Davila (1998). Calandro Jr, J and Lane, S (2007) Michael E. Porter claimed if an association has to develop an aggressive tactic it should initially calculate its situation inside the business alongside the five aspects; supplier consumer bargain power, Threats to new entrants substitute, Cut- throat rivalry. Tay, L (2006) SHELL MATRIX: ACADAMIC REVIEW Business position of shell matrix appears much appropriate for a merchandise range investigation motive is a variety of aspects depicting market pleasant appearance along with industry status establishes the progression of a manufactures good beside its life tenure, Chee, H Harris, R. (1998,pp.61) Rich Elite Class Targeted Audience Luxury Hotels Airlines Europe India Strong Brand name image Loyal Customers MARKET ATTRACTIVENESSHigh Low Medium High Medium Low COMPANYS STRENGHT !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ANSOFF MATRIX: ACADAMIC REVIEW Several writers have remarked on the boundaries of strategic alternative presented towards the small firm, by good value of such features as small market share and precincts of resources and talent (e.g. Carson, 198). Watts, G et al. (1998) Ansoff (1965) some time ago assumed that strategy and objectives are interchangeable both at different points in time and different levels within the organisation. Thus elements of strategy at a high level become objectives at lower level. Adcock, D (2000,pp.21) The Ansoff growth matrix guides an organisation in relation to ocus their labours and consideration. Lake, N (2002,pp.145) New Product Existing Product MARKET PENITRATION Different Schemes. Warranty on its products. Free servicing for a specific period. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT Investing in Research Development. Add new products to product range. Feedback/customer survey. MARKET DEVELOPMENT Super Bikes. Cloths/ Accessories. Airlines. Luxury Hotels. DIVERSIFICATION Airlines Existing market New Market (Model adapted from Mindtools, 2010 own research) As from the above Marketing tool we can conclude that Enzo Ferrari car the Ferrari Company has a very diverse market for Development penetration. MARKET PENITRATION: The Company has a wide scope of penetrating the market by giving its customers varies attractive schemes. These schemes can be seasonal in nature also. At present the company doesnt have any schemes like its competitors. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT: The Company can widen their product range by entering into new market. Ferrari can also invest in research development to enhance its existing product range to innovate new cars. Company can also take feedbacks on its products as this can also help enhancing the product. MARKET DEVELOPMENT: The Company has a big opportunity in the new market. Ferrari can make sports Bike as it is connected to the field in which the company is from last 100 years. This new shift can add a boost to the company brand name sales. The company equally has a scope in the Domestic Airline sector. It can start a new airline as it already provides some spare parts of airplane to the company like Boeing Airbus. Luxury Hotels can also be a possible profitable business for a brand like Ferrari. DIVERSIFICATION: The Company can diversify and explore new possible field like in airline business. This field isnt new for Ferrari as it produces many spare parts and engines for small airplanes. This business is highly profitable and can increase the brand value of the Ferrari. RECOMENDATIONS The following recommendations are taken from the critical study of all the above Matrixes Analysis. Expanding the existing Market: The Ferrari needs to expand needs existing market as its fan following is the worldwide and the consumer doesnt find it easy to export the car from other country as it cost highly. The company can wider its network in countries like China, India, Brazil where their isnt a single outlet of the company but has a wide scope for Ferrari cars as this countrys economy is booming. Services: No doubt that Ferrari has an excellent quality of services for its customers. But due to its in box policy (Services are available in very limited countries) the customer think twice before buying a Ferrari Car. 3rd Party Merchandizing: Ferrari is already in the 3rd party merchandizing but in a very limited area, e.g. Caps, T-shirts, etc. The company should expand its area and try to explore new areas. This new field of merchandizing has a great opportunity as revenue can also be generated which is helpful for companys growth. Sponsorship: The company heavily invest in sponsorship especially in formula 1. Due to this mostly racing community is acquainted with the name of Ferrari. Sponsoring various even like Olympics, Football can be a great deal. This could also add some reputation to the companys image. Sponsoring a global event always attract more peoples attention than the methods of sponsoring like T.V, Radio, etc. Charity: Charity is almost done by every big firm or name as its attracts the people in an emotional way. Donating in charity always attracts media attention due to which free publicity is also created the brand name gets a moral touch in the general consumers eye. Eco-Friendly: The company should start concentrating on the eco friendly issues as the general public is getting more aware of it. Unlike other Ferrari cars has a less mileage with emission of more gasses [About 3 Lit. for a Km]. The Ferrari should make some changes in its V12 engine as it has some world best engineers with them from the eco friendly point of view. The Ferrari should also come up with a car which doesnt work on fossil fuel., e.g. Hydrogen, Water, Electricity just like its counterpart are doing to gain special attention. Due to this the image of the company can also change for good. Entering into new Financial fields: The Ferrari S.P.A is a company which is almost 100 years old but still its name isnt on any stock exchange in the world. Enlisting its name in a stock exchange can add some serious revenue inflow in the company. They should also disclose its financial Audit e.g. Profit Loss statement, Balance sheet, etc to the general public officially. Cause of this the company- customer relation can strengthen up. New methods of Brand Promotion: Ferrari should indulge into some new ways of promoting itself e.g. Internet, media, etc. Ferrari doesnt follow any promoting schemes for its Brand in anyway. Due to this the consumer arent aware of Ferrari and its new launches. The Ferrari website is so far the best website in the internet but it still needs some improvement e.g. If the visitor could make its own Ferrari car in a innovated way. This technique can be used not only form the gaming points of view but also economically. If the customers are allowed to choose how their car will be it could be a great deal. Even from the hits on the site which are made by the visitors, the revenue can be generated. Ferrari should advertise in social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, etc where they can grab the attention of the general public directly with a more effective way. Exploring new possibilities: The Company should explore new possibilities in terms of its Car range. Although the Brand name Ferrari is known for its Super Sports Car but to grab new market in this competitive world the company should launch some variants of cars in new segments like SUV, Luxury, Small, etc. This possible increase the sales of the company with the brand name more familiar and household. There is also a lot of opportunities for Ferrari in this new segments of cars. The company can also explore its possibilities in sports bikes segment as it only manufactures sports cars. This new tag can go with the Ferrari. Cost cautious Policy: The company can be a bit cost cautious as the cheapest Ferrari is about $300,000, which is a large amount. By reducing the cost of the car the sales of the company can increase, as there are many people who are willing to buy this car. The company can also use its hand in the car reselling market. This could also generate a fair amount of money. By increasing the sales, employment in the company will also increase as there is just hand full of labours in Ferrari due to its modernised and mechanised techniques of making cars. BIBLOGRAPY Aaker, A.D. (1988) Strategic Marketing Management.5th ed. United States of America, Courier/Westford. Adcock, D. (2000) Marketing Strategies for Competitive Advantage. Midsomer Norton, Bookcraft (Bath) Ltd. Calandro Jr, J and Lane, S. (2007) Conceptual paper. A New Competitive Analysis Tool: the relative profitability and growth matrix [Internet], 35(2), pp.30-38. Available from: [Accessed 6 December 2010]. Chee, H and Harris, R. (1998) Global Marketing Strategy. GREAT BRITAIN, FINANCIAL TIMES PITMAN PUBLISHING. Lake, N. (2002) The Strategic Planning Workbook. Great Britain, Clays Ltd. Mindtools.(2010) Ansoff Matrix [Internet]. Available from: [Accessed 7 December 2010]. Moutinho, L and Evans, M. (1992) Applied Marketing Research. Harlow, England, Addison Wesley. Tay, L. (2006) Case study. Strategic facilities management of Suntec Singapore International Convention and Exhibition Centre: A case study [Internet], 24(3/4), pp.120-131. Available from: [Accessed 7 December 2010]. Thomas, H. (2007) Viewpoint. An analysis of the environment and competitive dynamics of management education [Internet], 26(1), pp.9-21. Available from: [Accessed 5 December 2010]. Watts, G et al. (1998) Research paper. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour Research [Internet], 4(2), pp. 101-111. Available from: [Accessed 5 December 2010]. Ferrari FAQ. (2006). Ferrari History.[Internet]. Available from :. [Last accessed 13th November 2010].

Essay example --

Obama Administration proposed what is called Comprehensive Immigration Reform. It is composed of six sections aimed at fixing the current immigration system. It includes enhanced border enforcement, interior enforcement and the most controversial section; an amnesty program to legalize undocumented immigrants. In other words, it creates a pathway to citizenship for unauthorized immigrants that is fair and feasible. Many argue that even though Comprehensive Immigration Reform is good for America because it addresses important issues like creating a committee to adopt the number of visas available to changing economic times, preventing people from working without permits and creating programs aimed at helping immigrants adjust to life in America. Yet it rewards violators of current U.S. laws who entered the country illegally, and those who entered the country legally but overstayed their visas. Opponents of the Comprehensive Immigration Reform proposal claim that immigrants have a neg ative impact on the economy; overwhelming social services of many states, and posing a threat to American workers as a result of big corporations exploiting immigrants with low wages and poor working conditions. With the recent economic downturn and the severe recession that hit the U.S, many individuals blame immigrants for their economic misfortune and lack of employment. For both the opponents and proponents of the Comprehensive Immigration Reform Proposal, for the millions of the undocumented immigrants and their families, and lawmakers; immigration has become an emotional political issue. Despite the resistance of many, America should embrace comprehensive immigration reform. The current immigration system is separating families, and devastating w... ...e private sector to find new growth opportunities and create new jobs. Furthermore, America always has been, and always will be a country of immigrants. Despite that rich tradition, Congress has not updated the country’s immigration policies in three decades. However, Congress now has an opportunity to fix the immigration system and improve the economic well-being of all Americans. Failure to address the issue will have severe consequences for America’s future and well-being, and that is why how America reforms the immigration system will determine its future. The current immigration system is outdated, broken, and reveals that Comprehensive Immigration Reform is urgently needed, and is good for America’s workers and the economy. Despite the claims, complaints and the resistance of many, Americans should welcome, accept and support Comprehensive Immigration Reform.

Analysis of Food Dyes in Beverages Essay

Purpose: To determine the concentration of dye in a sports drink using spectroscopy and graphical analysis. We will be using beers law to find the unknown concentration of dye in a sports drink. Materials: Beakers, 50-mL, 2-3 ; Test tubes (13 x 100)mm 3-8 ; FD&C Blue 1 stock solution, 50-mL ; Lens tissues ; Pipets, serological, 10-mL ; Sample of consumer sports drink, 10-mL ; Spectrophotometer ; Test tube rack Procedure: 1) Preeminently, follow all laboratory safety guidelines ensuring that you have safety goggles on at all times throughout the lab. 2) Fill the cuvette 2/3 of the way with water. 3) Select the appropriate wavelength on the spectrophotometer. 4) Place the cuvette in the spectrophotometer and click the calibrate button. 5) Put 5mL of stock solution into test tube. 6) Fill the cuvette 2/3 of the way with the first solution. 7) Place the cuvette in the spectrophotometer. 8) Wait a few seconds and record the absorption on your data table. 9) Put 4mL of stock solution and 1mL of water in a test tube to make the second solution. 10) Fill the cuvette 2/3 of the way with the second solution. 11) Place the cuvette in the spectrophotometer. 12) Wait a few seconds and record the absorption on your data table. 13) Put 3mL of stock solution and 2mL of water in a test tube to make the third solution. 14) Fill the cuvette 2/3 of the way with the second solution 15) Place the cuvette in the spectrophotometer. 16) Wait a few seconds and record the absorption on your data table. 17) Put 2mL of stock solution and 3mL of water in a test tube to make the fourth solution 18) Fill the cuvette 2/3 of the way with the fourth solution 19) Place the cuvette in the spectrophotometer. 20) Wait a few seconds and record the absorption on your data table. 21) Put 1mL of stock solution and 4mL of water in a test tube to make the fifth solution 22) Fill the cuvette 2/3 of the way with the fifth solution 23) Place the cuvette in the spectrophotometer. 24) Wait a few seconds and record the absorption on your data table. 25) After all data are collected, use them to formulate a graph identifying the linear relationship between absorbency and concentration. —– Data and Calculations: Data recorded: Concentration(Â µM): 5.63 4.344 3.288 2.172 1.086 0 Absorption: .462 .398 .294 .186 .082 0 Water (mL): 0 1 2 3 4 5 Stock Solution (mL): 5 4 3 2 1 0 Linear Regression: y = .088x – .003 A = abc a = Molar absorptivity b = Path length of the sample cell c = Concentration Absorbency of Gatorade = 0.115 0.115 = (130.000)(1)(c) c = 8.85 x 10-7 Conclusion: In this experiment, we prepared solutions and used Beer’s law to analyze the concentration of dye in a beverage. The graph would provide the most accurate means to determine the concentration of an unknown solution and we know that absorbance measurements are most accurate in the range of A values from 0.2 to 1.0.

Nutritional assessment- a vital component The WritePass Journal

Nutritional assessment- a vital component Introduction Nutritional assessment- a vital component IntroductionCase scenarioNutritional assessmentMedical history collection approachesPhysical examinationBiochemical dataDiscussionConclusionReferenceRelated Introduction Malnutrition and undernourishment pose a major healthcare problem in the care of hospitalized patients in different care units in developed countries. There are numerous studies in health care literature reporting frequent malnutrition of patients in acute hospitals on admission and deterioration of nutritional status during hospitalization, particularly older people (Inge.K, 1999). Malnutrition can be defined in older people as faulty or inadequate nutritional status; undernourishment characterized by insufficient dietary intake, poor appetite, muscle wasting and weight loss (Carole S. Mackey, 2004). The cause of malnutrition is commonly contributed to medical, social and environmental as well as individual factors, such as poor appetite and disinterest in food, unpalatable or inadequate food, and lack of assistance with eating, poor skills in recognizing malnourished patients or those at risk of malnutrition and the low priority given to patients’ nutrition by doctors and nurses. Undetected and untreated, malnutrition is found to be detrimental to the quality of life and can lead to severe consequences such as prolonged hospital stays, high risk of infection, pressure ulcers, reduced wound healing, increased morbidity and mortality as well as increased costs for care, therefore, it is vital that hospital wards for older people have a nutritional care policy to prevent and/or treat malnutrition (Carole S. Mackey, 2004). Case scenario In 2010 August, Mr. Wong complained dizzy and fell in the morning and initially presented to orthopedic ward for collapse of L1 after fall. On admission, Mr. Wong’s ear temperature was 36.8, blood pressure was 100/ 50 mmHg, pulse was 75 /min, oxygen saturation was 93% on 2 L/min oxygen. During the acute state, he was developed hospital acquired pneumonia and put on Augmentin for one week course. In same year of November, Mr. Wong was transferred to rehabilitation ward for recovery and physiotherapy. Mr. Wong was retired. He has a 30-yr smoking history with one pack per day. He tries to quit smoking several times, but does not succeed. He lives in a 4-bedroom house with his wife and two sons and one daughter. He attended a Tai-Chi course with his wife in nearby park every day and had balanced diets prepared by Mrs. Wong. Mr. Wong had past history of Parkinson’s disease, hyperlipidaemia and gout followed up by Princess Margaret Hospital medical. On 2008 he had old lacunar infarct on computer tomography scan. In the rehabilitation ward, Mr. Wong had some exercise or limbs training with physiotherapists on the bed, as he could not have enough energy to stand up or walk with or without any support. Therefore, Mr. Wong always lied on the bed and then subsequently suffered from bed sore at his sacral. Firstly, he just suffered from stage one pressure sore, which was redness at the site without any discharge, and protected from duoderm. The health care workers provided daily normal saline dressing, frequent turning and pillows to relieve the pressure at the sacral. However, the pressure sore still became worse. At first, when the health care workers assessed Mr. Wong had high risk of worsening pressure sore; there are six risk factors including mobility, continence, nutritional, skin integrity, physical condition and medication common leading to developing pressure ulcers (Sharp CA, 2006). All possible preventions such as maintenance of well personal hygiene, frequent turning, and use of ripple bed had been provided. Also, wound nurse had assessed Mr. Wong’s situation and recommended the nurses for continuously providing dressing care and frequent skin observation. However, all recommendations and protections were given under strict supervision, but there is one criteria area missing in dealing pressure sore, this is nutrition. Poor nutritional status has been reported by several studies to be contributing factor to pressure ulcer development and malnutrition is positively correlated with pressure ulcer incidence and severity (Sharp. CA, 2006). Inadequate nutrition can increase the r isk of developing pressure ulcers and infection as well as impede the healing process of all wounds. Also, adequate dietary protein is absolutely essential for proper wound healing, and tissue levels of the amino acids may influence wound repair and immune function. As a result, a nutritional support should be given to patients with identified nutritional deficiency and any support be based on nutritional assessment using a recognized tool, general health status, patient preference or expert dietician (Ulrika Soderhamn, 2008). Moreover, nursing staff play an important role in the detection of the patient at risk and the implementation of sufficient preventive strategies. However, a comprehensive nutritional assessment is seldom performed on geriatric patients as routine and very few at-risk patients have a nutritional care plan. And some studies pointed that nurses in geriatric care feel they have a great responsibility for nutritional assessment and care but lack of sufficient knowledge for the tasks as well as of support from physicians (Ulrika Soderhamn, 2008). It is recommended that the health care workers should take the responsibility for informing, ordering, serving food and observing food intake and securing sufficient intake. These require the health care workers have sufficient knowledge and appropriate tools for screening and assessment of the older patients (Sharp. CA, 2006). Nutritional assessment A nutritional assessment is an in-depth evaluation of both objective and subjective data to define a person’s nutrition status. Specific data are obtained to create a metabolic and nutritional profile of the patient. The goals of the nutritional assessment are identification of patients who have, or at risk of developing malnutrition; to quantify a patient’s degree of malnutrition and to monitor the adequacy of nutrition therapy. It includes gathering information from the patient’s careful medical history, dietary history, a physical examination and laboratory tests (Weber, J, 2009). Medical history collection approaches Foremost in nutritional assessment is the patient interview for determining clinical history. Health care workers have recognized the way in which various diseases and conditions affect a person’s nutritional status. Attention should be focused on the disease state, duration of illness, intake of nutrients and presence of such gastrointestinal systems as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Also, the natural aging process can lead to increased nutritional problems among the elderly. Nearly 65% of elderly patients are calorie-protein undernourished or nutritional deficits developed while in the hospital (Vanderwee K, 2010). There some risks that are related with poor nutrition on the elderly such as normal aging changes in the senses of smell and taste, the effects of chronic diseases on food intake, psychological factors, social isolation, side effects from multiple medications or diminished function that subsequently limits their ability to shop or prepare meals. Choosing a dietary approach to nutritional status assessment The most valid or accurate dietary methods are prospective methods. These involve keeping records of foods consumed over the period of time of interest. This can be done by individuals themselves, or by health care workers observing them. Sometimes the foods are weighed before eating and then plate waste is weighed and subtracted. A similar method is to prepare two duplicate meals; one is consumed by the subject and the other is analyzed for nutrient content. Another method is the dietary record, in which the subject records estimated amounts of foods consumed. In any case, these methods are highly reactive because individuals may alter usual behavior to make their diet more socially desirable or to simplify the process of record keeping. Recall methods are the most widely used type of dietary data collection method. They are less reactive, but also less accurate than record methods. Twenty-four hour recalls, in which the previous days intake is queried in detail, for instance, foods , amounts, preparation techniques, condiments, are easiest for health care workers to complete (Sharp. CA, 2006). The data reported are converted from foods to nutrients with the use of food composition tables. Because a single day is not representative of usual intake, multiple twenty-four hour recalls are frequently used. Besides, the twenty-four hour recall of food intake record are used, the health care workers should observe the patients’ food preference, history of eating pattern and eating ability such as mood changes or swallow problem that might affect their eating. Physical examination Evaluation of the patient’s overall appearance and thorough physical examination of the skin, eyes, mouth, hair, and nails provide a clue the presence of malnutrition. Weight is one of the most useful elements of the physical examination for the assessment of nutritional status (Inge.K, 1999). Body weight is expressed as a relative to established norms in the general population. For adults, body weight and height are used to evaluate overall nutritional status and to classify individuals as at healthy or non-healthy weights. The most recent classification is to use body mass index (BMI, in kg/㎠¡). BMI, regardless of age or population, is normal at 18.5-25.0 kg/㎠¡, overweight at 25.0 to 19.9 kg/㎠¡, and obese at over 30.0 kg/㎠¡. In general BMI greater than 30 is assumed to be due to excessive adiposity (World Heart Federation, 2005). Weight loss is often the first clue to an underlying cause of malnutrition. The loss of more than 10% of the patient’s usual weight necessitates a thorough nutritional assessment. Recent unintentional loss of 10% to 20% of the patient’s usual weight indicates moderate protein-calorie malnutrition, and loss of more than 20% indicates severe protein-calorie malnutrition (Ulrika Soderhamn, 2008). In addition to weight and height, anthropometric approaches are for most part relatively noninvasive methods that assess the size of body composition of an individual. Anthropometric measures, such as mid-arm muscle circumference and triceps skin-fold thickness, estimate fat and lean tissue mass respectively (Carole S. Mackey, 2004). Anthropometric measures of nutritional status can be compromised by other health conditions. For example, edema characteristic of some forms of malnutrition and other disease states can conceal wasting by increasing body weight. Anthropometric data are used in nutritional assessment to compare measured values with standardized controls and to compare serial measurements over time in the same patient. These are useful in identifying the most severely malnourished patients, especially those with fluid retention as a result of disease (Inge.K, 1999). Biochemical data Laboratory tests based on blood urine can be important indicators of nutritional status, but they are influenced by non-nutritional factors as well. Measurements of serum protein levels are used in conjunction with other assessment parameters to determine the patients’ overall nutritional status. Serum proteins used in nutritional assessment include albumin and transferrin and preablumin. Albumin is a complex, high-molecular-weight protein produced by the liver and decreased albumin levels have been shown to correlate with increased morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients; therefore it is often used as a prognostic indicator. If the patient’s serum albumin concentration lower then 3.5g/dL and the total lymphocyte count lower than 1500 cells/mm3, it should be take more concern with them (Carole S. Mackey, 2004). Also lab results can be altered by medications, hydration status, and disease states or other metabolic processes, such as stress. As with the other are as of nutrition assessment, biochemical data need to be viewed as a part of the whole. Discussion Before utilization of the nutritional assessment, the health care workers might only concern how the pressure sore can be healed and provided further treatment or protection. The nutritional issue related to wound healing might be ignored. The health care workers should have knowledge and be conscious of nutritional issues and know the importance and relevance of these issues for the particular patient promoted the nutritional nursing assessment. Identifying, assessing and treating older patients’ nutritional problems is a challenge for all staff groups involved in the patients’ care, therefore, it need to collaboration between other caregivers and professionals and sufficient knowledge about nutrition among the staff groups (C. E. Weekes, 2009). For example, the nurse can organize one person into performing specific tasks like serving food to Mr. Wong to highlight his eating ability and facilitate the assessment process. There is also collaboration between the nurse an d physician, speech therapist or dietician who can help with the estimation of the nutritional requirements and get suggestions of food supplements. The first priority for the nurses is to let Mr. Wong know their nutritional needs and current problems, as he might think that he ate enough every day, but the situation perhaps was adverse. They should have an individual holistic patient view and discuss with Mr. Wong about his situation and then find out how and why the identified nutritional problem influenced the pressure sore. And the four assessment techniques in a nutritional assessment can perform at the same time. The health care workers always perform the twenty-four hours intake and output record with Mr. Wong for calculating the fluid balance and energy intake in the daily nursing routine. Also, it can be recognized Mr. Wong’s nutritional status from physical examination like Body mass index reading and mid-arm circumference to determine the specific needs and problems. And then collaboration with physicians to taking his blood for further laboratory assessment. The laboratory results like protein level and albumin level provide information for the nursing diagnosis. Using the clinical, biochemical and dietary data, influences on the nutritional status can be determined. A nutritional intervention which includes dietary guidance and exercise recommendations is then formulated and discussed with the individual. Further dialogues with and observations of Mr. Wong are used promoting for a continuous assessment process, because it can supply the nurse with information about the effects of the interventions and how the nutritional status of Mr. Wong changed, The nurse then feels a responsibility for him having a continuous and proper nutritional intake (C. E. Weekes e, 2009). If all the possible preventions and nutritional problem can be treated, the rate of getting infection should be minimized and the wound healing should be better. Conclusion Malnutrition becomes a considerable problem among hospitalized patients. The use of nutritional care practices and nutrition assessment of elderly patients is necessary and optimal in hospitals. Nutrition assessment involves a combination of examinations and patient history, and as such, no single laboratory test or finding should be used to indicate poor nutrition. An increased consciousness of the importance of nutritional care and assessment among health care professionals will contribute to further improvement of the quality of nutritional care. Reference Carole S. Mackey. (2004). Nutritional Assessment. Retrieved 19 February, 2011, from diet.com/store/facts/nutritional-assessment Ho. S Lee. S. ( 2011, March 18).   Slow food culture on stress-city menu. The Standard, p. A4 Inge.K, Simon. S Wood. J (1999). Nutritional care of the patient: nurses’ knowledge and attitudes in an acute care setting. Journal of clinical nursing, 8, 217-224 Sharp CA McLawa M.L (2006). Estimating the risk of pressure ulcer development: it is truly evidence based?. International Wound Journal, 3(4), 344-353 Ulrika Soderhamn. Olle Soerhamn. (2008). A successiveful way for performing nutritional nursing assessment in older patients. Journal of clinical nursing, 18, 431-439 Vanderwee K, Clayse E, Bocquaert I, Verhaeghe S, Lardennois M, Gobert M Defloor T. (2010). Malnutritiona and nutritional care practices in hospital wards for older people. Journal of advanced nursing, 67(4), 736-746 Weber, J. Kelley, J. H. (2009). Health assessment in nursing. Philadephia: Lippincott Williams Wilkins Weekes, C. E, Spiro, A, Baldwin, C, Whelan, K, Thomas, J. E, Parkin, D Emery, P. W. (2009). A review of the evidence for the impact of improving nutritional care on nutritional and clinical outcomes and cost. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 22, 324-335 World Heart Federation (2005). Body Mass Index [Leaflet]. World Heart Day 2005 Leaflet

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According to her eye account, these gang members were: Joseph Aranda who was aged twenty years old and Fernando Aranda aged twenty years. She forwarded their names to the police department and promised that she would testify in court against them. But as time went by she could not fulfill the promise she made to the police officers that she would testify in court against them. After a period of three years later the woman refused to testify claiming she couldn’t remember exactly what happened on that fateful day or even remember who the men in a jeep were. Not that it was hard to remember what happened but she feared retribution by the gang. (Gonzalez R. 2008) According the Gary Hearnsberger, the Deputy District Attorney, all gang cases have one thing in common and this is that no one is willing to appear in a courtroom to testify of anything because they fear that the gang who would then seel reprisal would mark them. These gangs have their working code that disallows anybody from testifying against any gang group in court. As per this town code, even the gangsters are not allowed to talk with the police or have any relationship whatsoever. The gang members are very stubborn individuals who are ready to suffer rather than cooperate with the police. They would rather go to jail than reveal their secrets. Many people have been victims of witnesses in courts and these gangs have killed some of them. â€Å"Some gang members live up to this code even if it means going to prison. They see that as a badge of honor, Hearnsberger said. What is kind of funny about the gang culture, as much as they completely disregard rules and laws, they will live up to their own. † (Gonzalez R. 2008) As the president of the California Gang Investigators put it, people confide to the police on everything that they witnessed but when it comes to making a testimony against the gang members it becomes extremely hard. All people should wake up to the fact that gangs rarely attack law abiding citizens and this includes those who are willing to testify in courts on a particular case but this does not mean that they cannot be attacked. In accordance with the 6th amendment, the accused person is entitled to a speedy and public trial conducted by a jury in the place the cat was committed. The accused person must be told in no uncertain terms the reasons for the arrest and then be challenged by witnesses with their evidences or what they saw. The witnesses should be escorted by police officers in and out of the courtroom to prevent them from being attacked by the gangs, as this has been the case in the past. No body should be imprisoned if there is no enough evidence given by the witnesses and the defendant should also be allowed to call his/her witnesses and they should be compelled to testify if they refuse. 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This woman when she was arrested gave an information that contradicted the information that was recorded when she reported the case by saying that she could not identify the gang members. It was later established that this woman was an accomplice of one of the members that were standing on Rex road and this is why one of the reason that was given by the police for witnesses’ failure to testify was that some of them have criminal records though to others it is fear of retribution. (Gonzalez R. 2008) Witnesses should also be fully convinced that they would be guaranteed security even if it means being relocated to another area. The Pasadena police is determined to ensure that witnesses are given the protection they deserve. The Pasadena police are also prepared to arrest those gang members who victimize and intimidate witnesses. If there arises a situation that the gang members are intimidating any witness, then the police would relocate the witness and protect them. For example, the woman who was tricked by the thugs was to be relocated after she reported that those thugs were threatening her. â€Å"Her car was vandalized, she was being stared down and having stuff thrown at her. † (Gonzalez R. 2008) If witnesses could be assured of maximum security, then the fight against gangs would be won, as the main stumbling block is that witnesses fear to testify for fear of reprisal by gang members though there are others who fear to testify because they have some criminal records. The police has come up with a new plan so that they could offer protection to all those that are willing to testify in courts. They also go for those gang members who intimidate witnesses from testifying against their case. Reference. Gonzalez R. 11th March 2008. Witnesses Fear Retribution from Gang Members. Star News Pasadena, CA.